Solid State Electrolytes for Lithium Ion Batteries

Battery with improved energy density and cycle life by using a multi-layer structure with a thin solid electrolyte layer sandwiched between the positive and negative electrode layers. The solid electrolyte layer allows for higher solid electrolyte content without compromising the energy density. The thin solid electrolyte layer also improves the cycle life by reducing solid electrolyte degradation compared to a single-layer structure.

Source

All-solid-state battery with improved performance and safety compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. The battery uses a solid electrolyte made of composite glass ceramics. The composite electrolyte has two components, a first glass ceramic compound and a second glass ceramic compound. This composite electrolyte provides high ionic conductivity and low electronic conductivity at lower sintering temperatures compared to conventional solid electrolytes. The lower temperature sintering reduces density differences between the electrode active materials and the electrolyte. This improves battery efficiency and reduces risks of internal short circuits.

Source

A solid-state electrolyte for lithium batteries that can provide high ionic conductivity at low temperatures without the need for large amounts of flammable solvents. The electrolyte is a compound of formula (I) containing lithium, an organic fluorinated ether, and optionally other organic groups. The ether provides solvation for the lithium cation, enhancing conductivity. The compound can be used as a solid electrolyte in batteries without adding excessive solvent. It can also be used as an anode protection layer in metal batteries to prevent dendrite growth. The compound can be prepared by reaction of lithium fluoride, an organic fluorinated ether, and optionally other organic groups.

Source

All-solid-state battery design that increases capacity while keeping volume constant. The battery has a laminate structure with alternating anode, cathode, and solid electrolyte layers stacked between facing surfaces. Margins are added around the edges of the laminate to provide additional volume. This allows increasing the total battery capacity by adding layers without significantly increasing the overall volume.

Source

Solid-state battery with reduced resistance increase over time. The battery has a specific order and moisture content of the positive electrode, solid electrolyte, and negative electrode layers. The positive electrode layer has a moisture content with a specific amount of physisorbed water relative to the total moisture content. This configuration helps prevent resistance increase by minimizing moisture migration during cycling. The layers are laminated using a method that transfers the layers onto each other without removing the base materials in between. This prevents moisture loss during lamination.

Source

An all-solid-state battery design with uniform lithium deposition and improved durability for high energy density batteries. The battery has a functional layer between the anode current collector and solid electrolyte. The functional layer contains materials that alloy or compound with lithium. It has two interfacial layers, one between the functional layer and solid electrolyte, and one between the functional layer and anode current collector. The key is adjusting the binding force ratio between these interfacial layers to be 0.6 or higher. This prevents lithium from concentrating at edges or between layers, allowing uniform lithium deposition on the anode current collector during charging.

Source

Solid electrolyte for lithium air batteries with improved stability in humid and alkaline conditions. The solid electrolyte has a bilayer structure with an inner layer of lithium ion conductor and an outer layer made of a compound stable in moisture and strong bases like lithium hydroxide. This protects the inner layer from degradation during charging/discharging. The outer layer prevents metal ion dissolution and cracking in alkaline environments. The bilayer electrolyte maintains ion conductivity after exposure to saturated lithium hydroxide solution.

Source

A non-flammable and mechanically flexible solid-state electrolyte material for lithium-ion batteries that provides high ionic conductivity without the safety issues of flammable liquid electrolytes. The electrolyte is a composite of cubic phase, bismuth-doped lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZBO) meso-particles embedded in a poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) membrane. The composite electrolyte has ionic conductivity values up to 10^-4 S/cm at room temperature, which is significantly higher than conventional solid electrolytes. The high conductivity is attributed to the cubic LLZBO particles, low particle size, and optimal particle loading in the PEO matrix.

Source

Battery design to improve performance and prevent delamination of stacked solid electrolyte layers. The battery has three different solid electrolyte layers between the positive, negative, and electrolyte electrodes. The middle layer has a solid electrolyte material with a lower Young's modulus than the outer layers. This intermediate layer improves adhesion between the different types of solid electrolyte materials and prevents delamination. The lower modulus material reduces residual stress between layers when compressed during battery assembly.

Source

Bipolar solid-state battery design with integrated self-heating capability for improved power density. The battery has electrodes with thicknesses over 100 microns on metal foam current collectors. Between the electrodes is a solid-state electrolyte layer. External electrothermal foils with resistors are attached to the current collectors. In the open position, electrons flow through the foils to heat the battery during cycling. In the closed position, electrons flow through the collectors for normal operation. The self-heating allows cycling at lower temperatures for better performance.

Source

Cathode and method for all-solid-state batteries with reduced internal resistance. The cathode contains composite active material particles and solid electrolyte particles. The composite particles have a peroxo complex on their surface, which converts to a lithium ion conducting oxide during sintering. This oxide coating prevents oxidation of the active material and electrolyte during cycling, reducing battery resistance. The method involves preparing the composite particles by drying a peroxo solution on the active material surface, then forming the cathode layer.

Source

Solid electrolyte precursor, solid electrolyte, and method for preparing the solid electrolyte for oxide-based lithium batteries with reduced sintering temperatures. The precursor is amorphous with >50% volume of amorphous phase, and contains a compound represented by formula 1. It forms a crystalline solid electrolyte at low temperatures, like 600°C, compared to conventional garnet oxide electrolytes which require >900°C. This allows easier synthesis and lower interface formation in battery assembly.

Source

Generative design workflow for discovering and optimizing solid-state battery electrolyte materials with high ionic conductivity. The workflow involves training machine learning models to predict ionic conductivity using molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations. The models are trained using atomic structures and energies from known materials. The trained models are then used to generate new candidate materials with high ionic conductivity. The models can also predict conductivity for new materials without full DFT calculations. This accelerates electrolyte material discovery and optimization compared to traditional methods.

Source

All-solid-state battery electrode design with improved output characteristics by optimizing the conductive network in the electrode. The electrode contains an electrode active material, solid electrolyte, and conductive assistant particles. The conductive assistant particles have specific size, shape, and spacing properties in the electrode to enhance conductivity while limiting particle amount. The particles have average aspect ratio ≥1.5, inter-particle distance ≤ particle length, and average inter-particle distance ≤ 1.22 * particle size * (2/3) * particle aspect ratio. This creates a favorable conductive network without excessive particle reduction of active material or electrolyte.

Source

A solid electrolyte composition for use in solid-state lithium-ion batteries that provides high ionic conductivity and processability. The electrolyte has a unique formula of Li5+zP3S10Xz, where z is 0-5 and X is a halogen. The electrolyte can be made by mixing lithium sulfide, phosphorus sulfide, sulfur, and a halogen compound like lithium chloride in a solvent. The resulting electrolyte has specific XRD peaks at 15.4°, 27.6°, 30.9°, and 33.3°. This composition provides a solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity for solid-state lithium-ion batteries.

Source

A solid electrolyte for all-solid-state batteries with improved ion conductivity and cycle performance. The solid electrolyte has a composition of LiM2(PO4)z with 3.001 <= z <= 3.200. The range of PO4 content improves the ionic conductivity compared to traditional NASICON electrolytes. The all-solid-state battery uses this high-conductivity electrolyte between the positive and negative electrodes.

Source

Solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with improved performance for high-voltage applications. The solid electrolyte contains a garnet-type composite metal oxide phase with lithium, lanthanum, zirconium, oxygen, and gallium. A part of the lithium sites in the garnet phase are substituted with gallium. The electrolyte also has a separate phase containing compounds like LiF, BaZrO3, YF3, SrF2, or ScF3. This composition and the mechanochemical synthesis method improves the lithium ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte.

Source

Solid-state lithium battery electrolyte material with high ionic conductivity, compatibility with high voltage cathodes, and low resistance with lithium metal anodes. The electrolyte is a crystalline Argyrodite-type solid electrolyte composition containing Li, P, halogens (or pseudo-halogens like BH4), and sulfur, selenium, or nitrogen. It has peaks at 14.6°, 15.3°, and 25.1° in X-ray diffraction. The composition can have glass ceramic and mixed crystalline phases. The high ionic conductivity is attributed to the cubic Argyrodite structure with a halogen or pseudo-halogen level approaching y=2 in Li7-yPS6-yXy.

Source

Doped phosphorus-sulfur iodide solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with improved ionic conductivity for facilitating lithium ion transport. The doped electrolyte expands the ion transport channel by doping W and/or Mo elements with larger ionic radius. This increases the quantity of transport channels between cages, facilitating lithium ion transport. The doped electrolyte has an ionic conductivity of more than or equal to 1.0×10−3 S/cm and a wide electrochemical stability window. The doping improves the solid electrolyte's performance compared to undoped Li6PS5I.

Source

Abstract Composite electrolytes have received widespread attention due to their potential simultaneously integrate the advantages of different types electrolytes. However, composite based on sulfides and polymers electrolyte still face issues such as instability toward lithium metal, low ion transference number, between sulfides. Based this, a continuous conductive Li 5.4 PS 4.4 Cl 1.6 (LPSC) framework with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is prepared binder (LPSC@PTFE) gel containing high concentration salt. The fills pores in LPSC@PTFE membrane protects interface sulfide metal. In addition, highconcentration exhibit better stability compared lowconcentration electrolytes, whether for metal or improvement has been demonstrated through analysis insitu electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) combined relaxation time distribution (DRT), well characterization by Xray photoelectron (XPS) Raman spectroscopy. mechanism behind performance enhancement theoretical calculations simulations also speculated on. optimized an window 4.98 V, increased number 0.74, critical current de... Read More

Source

Abstract Solidstate lithiumoxygen batteries (SSLOBs) are offering unparalleled safety and exceptional electrochemical performance. Despite their promise, composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) fabricated through mechanical hybridization consistently manifest pronounced ceramic particle aggregation. In this study, a thin flexible CSE is developed by integrating Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 (LGPS) with poly(vinylidene fluoridecohexafluoropropylene) (PVDFHFP) implementing silane coupling agents to form bridging framework across the organicinorganic heterojunction interfaces. The engineered exhibited remarkable roomtemperature ionic conductivity reaching 1.05 4 cm 1 , superior stability within an expanded voltage window extending 4.9 V versus Li/Li + . Furthermore, lithium symmetrical cells revealed uniform deposition/dissolution behavior over 3000 h. Integration of thinfilm into SSLOBs yielded devices achieving specific discharge capacities 12874 mAh g coupled longterm operational throughout 120 cycles. enhanced interfacial adhesion forces observed between heterogen... Read More

Source

The integration of polymerbased electrolytes into nextgeneration lithiummetal batteries (LMBs) offers significant potential for enhancing energy density and safety. However, their development is impeded by challenges such as low ionic conductivity at room temperature, anion polarization effects, a lithiumion transference number. This investigation aims to address the limitations combining singleion conductive polymer (SICP) ether network (EPN) electrolytes. interwoven structure SICP EPN ensures uniform distribution, facilitating efficient delocalized transport. Utilizing sulfonated poly(vinylidene fluoridecohexafluoropropylene)based with enhances conductivity, electrochemical stability, mechanical strength. optimized SICPEPN membrane exhibits an 10 4 S cm 1 , stability window exceeding 4.9 V, transport number 0.58 30 C. Li/SICPEPN/NCM811 cell demonstrates initial discharge capacity 189 mAh g Coulombic efficiency 99.7% 0.1 C C, maintaining minimal fading after 250 chargedischarge cycles 0.5 C. These findings highlight present viable econom... Read More

Source

Amorphous oxyhalide solid electrolytes (SEs) have garnered significant attention due to their excellent cathodic stability and favorable mechanical properties. However, the correlations between structural characteristics in amorphous phase Li+ transport behavior remain underexplored, limiting further promotion of ionic conductivities these SEs. Herein, we establish a correlation cationic coordination saturation SEs transport. Based on this correlation, near-saturated coordinated cation (NSCC)-incorporated Li1.5Zr0.5M0.5Cl5.0O0.5 (M = Nb or Ta, denoted as Nb- Ta-LZCO) are developed with abundant vacancy concentrations weakened Li-Cl interaction, thereby significantly enhancing As result, Nb-LZCO Ta-LZCO achieve impressive 2.33 3.88 mS cm-1, respectively, at 25 C. All-solid-state lithium batteries assembled representative LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 cathode demonstrate superior rate performance long-term cycling stability, delivering high specific capacity 120.0 mAh g-1 10.0 C (1 195 mA g-1) an outstanding retention 84.85% after 2000 cycles. This work establishes generalizable strategy for d... Read More

Source

Abstract Solidstate polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are attracted significant attention for their potential to enhance safety and energy density in storage systems. However, two major challenges persist, namely low ionic conductivity interface instability. A composite electrolyte with superior stability is developed using PVDFHFP/PAN as the matrix La 2 O 3 fillers. atoms on surface of fillers act adsorption sites bind TFSI , promoting lithium salt dissociation increasing concentration free ions. Simultaneously, enable anchoring N, Ndimethylformamide (DMF) mitigate side reactions between DMF metal. Consequently, achieves a high transference number (0.64) optimal (0.31 mS cm 1 ). Besides, LiFePO 4 ||Li cell excellent capacity retention 90.92% after 300 cycles at 0.5C under ambient conditions. It also exhibits almost 100% 50 (0.2C) across temperature range RT 10 C. Similarly, when coupled LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn cathode, batteries demonstrate stable cycling (capacity &gt; 83% over 180 cycles, 0.5C, 25C). This work offers promising approach advancing construction highperfo... Read More

Source

Abstract Robust structures are essential for extending the application of shapeless soft polymer electrolytes and maintaining selfsupporting solidstate allpolymer (SPEs) at elevated temperatures. Common strategies introducing additional separators or crosslinking can significantly increase manufacturing complexity SPEs, thus limiting their commercialization. Herein, inspired by musculoskeletal structure, a softhard synergy enhanced SPE (named PPHSPE) is successfully designed manufactured simple onestep in situ microphase separation strategy hightemperature lithiummetal batteries. In bicontinuous PPHSPE, soft polyphosphazene liquid electrolyte (PPZLPE) phase provides excellent electrochemical properties, interfacial compatibility, stable Li 3 N/Li PO 4 rich hybrid interfaces. PVDFHFP crystals skillfully used to build 3D continuous, highstrength (0.32 0.02 MPa 90 C), thermotolerant hard skeleton. synergy two phases, Li//Li cell maintain continuous electrodeposition over 4500 h plating/stripping process 0.25 mA cm 2 mAh... Read More

Source

Abstract Quasi-solid-state electrolytes, which integrate the safety characteristics of inorganic materials, flexibility polymers, and high ionic conductivity liquid represent a transitional solution for high-energy-density lithium batteries. However, mechanisms by fillers enhance multiphase interfacial conduction remain inadequately understood. In this work, we synthesized composite quasi-solid-state electrolytes with content to investigate phenomena achieve enhanced electrode interface stability. Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 particles, through surface anion anchoring, improve + transference numbers facilitate partial dissociation solvated structures, resulting in superior ion transport kinetics that an 0.51 mS cm 1 at room temperature. The mass fraction components additionally promotes formation more stable layers, enabling lithium-symmetric cells operate without short-circuiting 6000 h 0.1 mA 2 . Furthermore, system demonstrates exceptional stability 5 V-class metal full cells, maintaining 80.5% capacity retention over 200 cycles 0.5C. These findings guide role interfaces d... Read More

Source

A solid electrolyte material for lithium batteries with improved stability against lithium metal anodes and higher ionic conductivity compared to traditional solid electrolytes. The solid electrolyte is based on a compound with a specific chemical formula (Li1-bCub)7-zPS6-zM3z. The compound has an argyrodite-type crystal structure. It is prepared by mixing lithium, group 2/11, phosphorus, and group 17 compounds, then heat treating in an inert atmosphere. The solid electrolyte can be used in all-solid-state batteries to replace flammable liquid electrolytes.

Source

A sulfide solid electrolyte for solid-state batteries with improved lithium-ion conductivity. The sulfide solid electrolyte has specific X-ray diffraction peaks at 20-24° (peak A) and 24-26° (peak B) when analyzed using CuKα1 radiation. This sulfide solid electrolyte can be used in solid-state batteries to replace conventional liquid electrolytes. The sulfide electrolyte enables high ionic conductivity without the need for coating the active material particles. It provides a practical, low-cost alternative to expensive coatings like lithium niobate, lithium titanate, etc. The sulfide electrolyte reduces the resistance between the electrode materials, improving battery performance.

Source

Battery module design for improving cooling performance while reducing thermal conductive resin usage. The module has a stack of battery cells surrounded by a frame. The bottom of the frame has regions separated by through holes. A thermal conductive resin layer is applied to the regions without holes to transfer heat between the cells and frame. This prevents temperature variations between cells. However, using resin only in those regions avoids excess resin that can decrease cooling efficiency. The holes allow direct contact between the cells and frame in the remaining region.

Source

ABSTRACT Solid electrolyte materials have improved the safety and stability of quasisolidstate lithiumion batteries, making them highly desirable. Through mesoporous confinement regulation anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes optimization lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiTFSI) concentration, a lowcrystallinity polyethylene (PEO) based solid membrane, 18PEO/LiTFSI160, was prepared. This shows that when molar ratio ethylene to ion (EO: Li) is 18 AAO pore size 160200 nm, membrane exhibits crystallinity as low 13%, roomtemperature ionic conductivity 9.78 10 5 S cm 1 , Li + transference number increased 0.4, an electrochemical window broadened 5.1 V. In Li/Li symmetric cell tests, interfacial impedance remained stable at 180 after 160 h cycling, with smooth interface no dendrite formation observed. Fullcell performance tests further verified effects: assembled LiFePO 4 delivered discharge capacity 142 mAh/g 0.1 C rate retained 95% its 100 cycles. The 18PEO/LiTFSI160 polymer demonstrates promising viable material for allsolidstat... Read More

Source

Solid electrolyte for all solid-state batteries that improves ionic conductivity and cycle life compared to pure argyrodite electrolytes. The solid electrolyte contains a very low concentration (100-1000 ppm) of zirconium (Zr) mixed with the argyrodite compound. The Zr addition improves the ionic conductivity of the argyrodite electrolyte without degrading its stability, enabling faster charging and discharging. The Zr-doped argyrodite electrolyte can be used in all solid-state batteries with improved performance compared to pure argyrodite electrolytes.

Source

A solid-state battery subassembly with improved interfacial adhesion between the solid electrolyte and anode for higher charging/discharging performance. The subassembly has a carbon active material layer sandwiched between the anode current collector and solid electrolyte. A bonding layer made of material similar to the carbon active material is formed between the solid electrolyte and carbon layer. This bonding layer enhances adhesion between the electrolyte and anode components compared to direct contact.

Source

An imaging system for examining cells on a curved surface like the eye conjunctiva using fluorescence microscopy. It uses a movable lens to keep the entire area in focus during image acquisition. The system has a light source, a fixed objective lens, a movable active lens, a CCD camera, and an image processing unit. The active lens dynamically adjusts focus during imaging to capture in-focus data of the curved tissue stained with moxifloxacin. This allows acquiring a single image with the entire tissue in focus, unlike traditional microscopes with shallow depth of field.

Source

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) are regarded as the next-generation energy storage systems, offering enhanced safety and higher density. Polyethylene oxide-based solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have garnered significant attention due to their advantages, including superior safety, straightforward fabrication processes, high However, low ionic conductivity has hindered commercialization of SSLMBs. In this study, we developed a modified grafting PEG onto material COF-5-6 SSE slurry, which was coated surface LiFePO4 cathode construct an integrated for The B atoms in COF-5-6-PEG serve Lewis acid sites, adsorbing anchoring anions from salts, thereby promoting dissociation salts releasing more Li+. Additionally, S O polar complex with Li+, facilitating solvation Li+ within flexible segments enabling rapid transport through interconnected channels. As result, membrane demonstrates 1.41 103 cm1 transference number 0.47, along stable polarization behavior over 400 h Li electrodes at 80 C. Moreover, Li||COF-5-6-PEG SSE||LiFePO4 cells exhibit dendrite-free surface, promi... Read More

Source

High-capacity lithium-rich manganese-based materials Li1.20Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 (LRMs) are potential cathodes for solid-state lithium batteries with high energy density. However, there challenges of low initial Coulomb efficiency (ICE) and interfacial degradation the cathode caused by irreversible oxygen release. Here, oxygen-deficient ceria (CeO2-x) abundant vacancies was used to scavenge excess species manipulate evolution LRM in battery. CeO2-x realizes reversible storage release anion vacancies, doping Ce3+/4+ into lattice stabilizes structure enhances Li+ transport kinetics. Therefore, cell a NASICON-type F-doped Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO3.93F0.07)3 (F-LATP) solid electrolyte shows ICE 86.74%, an outstanding rate performance 70.0 mAh g-1 at 1 C, remarkable cyclability lower capacity decay 0.27% per cycle. It is believed that this work provides valuable guidance design redox high-capacity LRMs batteries.

Source

Bipolar lithium battery packs for high energy density applications like electric vehicles with reduced flammability and improved safety compared to conventional liquid electrolyte batteries. The packs use bipolar electrodes with solid electrolytes sandwiched between the electrode layers instead of liquid electrolytes. The electrodes have a current collector, cathode, and optionally an anode. The solid electrolyte is a hybrid of an inorganic solid electrolyte and a solid polymer electrolyte. The packs are made by stacking the bipolar electrodes with separators between them to form modules.

Source

Abstract Sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) exhibit exceptional ionic conductivity and processing advantages for allsolidstate lithium metal batteries (ASSLBs), but their commercialization is constrained by ambient hydrolysisinduced H 2 S generation dendrite formation at electrolyte/anode interfaces. Herein, a Ce/O cosubstitution strategy employed to synthesize argyroditetype Li 5.4+x P 1x Ce x 4.42x O 2x Cl 1.6 (0 0.05) electrolytes. The substitution of 5+ with 4+ 2 2 in the PS 4 3 structure forms stable CeS 4 3 groups enhances structural integrity. Simultaneously, incorporation expands lattice spacing facilitates + transport. Optimized 5.42 0.98 0.02 4.36 0.04 electrolyte exhibits superior (7.13 mS cm 1 ) excellent air stability (H emission: 0.36 g after 30 min 30% RH). demonstrates an enhanced critical current density 1.3 mA 2 plating/stripping over 5000 h 0.1 . ASSLBs LiNbO @NCM622 cathodes deliver initial discharge capacity 128.19 mAh 99.49% retention 300 cycles. This work provides designing highperformance SSEs toward practical batte... Read More

Source

Synthesizing high-performance lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO) solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries by starting with lanthanum zirconate (LZO) nanocrystals. The LLZO is formed by dispersing LZO nanocrystals in a slurry with lithium and lanthanum compounds, drying and calcining the slurry to transform the LZO nanocrystals into LLZO. This allows direct synthesis of LLZO using LZO nanocrystals as precursors instead of starting from scratch.

Source

A solid electrolyte material for solid-state lithium batteries that provides improved properties like purity, crystalline structure, ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity, mechanical properties, electro-chemical stability, etc. The electrolyte is a quaternary halide material containing alkali, other metal, and halide ions. It has reduced contents of binary, oxyhalide, and water-insoluble impurity phases compared to conventional halides. The quaternary halide can have mixed crystalline interphases with nearest atomic distances <0.5 nm and larger nanometric domains.

Source

Abstract The fundamental interactions and the as-derived microstructures among electrolyte components play a pivotal role in determining bulk interfacial properties of electrolytes. However, complex structure-property relationships remain elusive, leading to uncontrollable physicochemical characteristics electrolytes unsatisfied battery performance. Herein, we propose two interaction motif descriptors quantify ion-solvent spanning electrostatic dispersion regimes. These are highly relevant salt dissolution, phase miscibility, electrode-electrolyte interface chemistries. Guided by principle minimizing solvent-solvent while ensuring sufficient dissociation, representative electrolyte, i.e ., lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide dissolved trimethyl methoxysilane 1,3,5-trifluorobenzene with molar ratio 1:2.5:3.0, is designed, which achieves ~99.7% (0.2%) Li plating/stripping Coulombic efficiency endows 4.5 V Li||LiCoO 2 90% capacity retention after 600 cycles at 0.2 C/0.5 C charge/discharge rate. Notably, Cu||LiNi 0.5 Co Mn 0.3 O pouch cells this sustain over 100 stable cycles. By establis... Read More

Source

Synthesizing lithium lanthanum zirconate (LLZO), a fast ion conducting solid electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries, using molten salt synthesis to produce pure cubic LLZO without the need for high temperatures or dopants. The synthesis involves combining metal oxide precursors like lithium nitrate, lanthanum nitrate, and zirconium oxynitrate with a molten salt medium like eutectic lithium chloride-potassium chloride. The molten salt is heated to yield pure cubic LLZO that can be washed to obtain powder. The molten salt composition and precursor ratios can be tuned to achieve phase pure LLZO synthesis.

Source

Abstract The highvoltage reactivity and flammability of electrolytes remain critical challenges for highsafety highenergydensity lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Here, a novel ceramicether coupling electrolyte (CCE) is reported, in which thin liquid layer the ether immobilized on particle surface Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) matrix through coordination interactions. With an LLZTO content exceeding 82%, it demonstrates high plasticity, nonflammability, oxidation voltage threshold above 5.0 V. strong interactions between solvent molecules or anions are revealed, generate cohesive forces that impart highplastic rheological behavior to matrix, ensuring conformal contact at solid/solid interfaces. These also lead loose + solvation sheath electrolyte, not only accelerates transport, achieving ionic conductivity 2.7 10 4 S cm 1 , but promotes anion decomposition form inorganicrich cathode interphase (CEI). This enables Li/LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 2 (NCM811) cells operate stably cutoff 4.5 work can open up new insights into design safety LMBs.

Source

All-solid-state lithium-metal batteries (ASSLMBs) are promising for transportation electrification due to their superior safety and high energy density. Lithium halide electrolytes provide excellent processing flexibility, ionic conductivity, anodic stability (>4.1 V), making them highly compatible with high-voltage cathodes, surpassing sulfide (<2.1 V). Nevertheless, suffer from low cathodic form an electronically conductive interphase lithium, resulting in a critical current density (CCD) of nearly zero. Herein, Li3YbCl6 synthesized that kinetically stable lithium by forming electronic insulating solid electrolyte interphase. Guided overpotential criteria, PI3 interlayer is designed transforms into Li6PI3 upon contact substantially reducing the interfacial resistance against 34 achieving 114 mV. By substituting Yb Lu, Li3LuCl6 interlayers reach CCD 1.0 mA cm-2 at capacity mAh cm-2, comparable but higher oxidation stability. Additionally, enables cycling Li//Li cells 0.5 400 cycles maintains 86.5% Li//LiCoO2 after 220 30 C, paving way high-performance ASSLMBs.

Source

Standalone solid electrolyte sheets for lithium batteries that are freestanding, amorphous, and highly lithium ion conductive to enable high performance lithium batteries without the need for a liquid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte sheets are made from continuous sulfide glasses with intrinsic room temperature lithium ion conductivity above 10^-4 S/cm. The glass sheets have parallel edges, battery size, and are self-supporting. The sulfide glass composition and processing are optimized for interfacial stability with lithium metal. The continuous glass sheets can be cut into separators for battery cells or used as substrates for electrode assemblies.

Source

Abstract Polyethylene oxide (PEO) electrolytes hold significant potential for the nextgeneration allsolidstate lithium metal batteries. However, their practical application is limited by low ionic conductivity, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and, especially, poor oxidative stability under high voltages. Herein, a fillermodified PEO proposed to address these challenges. The filler, TIO (SnO 2 doped with In O 3 ), rich in oxygen vacancies, acting as Lewis acids interact TFSI , which releases more Li + and achieves higher conductivity transference number. Moreover, Sn 4+ /In 3+ can form alloy phases facilitate deposition transport across SEI. Consequently, Li//LiFePO 4 cells using exhibit reversible capacity of 140 mAh g 1 excellent retention 92% over 800 cycles at 0.2 C. Importantly, interacts hydroxy groups H atom on C PEO, reducing PEO's reactivity extending its decomposition 4.75 V. Owing inhibited upon highvoltage cycling, enables Li//LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn achieve an outstanding initial 170 maintain 70% 200 0.5 C cutoff voltage 4.3

Source

ABSTRACT With the advancement of global dualcarbon goal, green technology has become a priority in energy field. Among storage technologies, allsolidstate batteries attract significant attention due to their high density, enhanced safety, and long cycle life. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)based polymer solidstate electrolytes are research hotspot for nextgeneration lithiummetal because flexibility, filmforming capabilities, compatibility with lithium salts. In this study, cyclodextrin (CD) is employed as filler combined highmodulus polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers plastic crystalline succinonitrile (SN) synergistically enhance electrochemical mechanical properties PEObased electrolytes. The PAN/PEO/LiClO 4 /CD/SN electrolyte achieves an ionic conductivity 6.5 10 5 S cm 1 at 30C ion transference number 0.33 80C. PAN fiber significantly improves properties, achieving tensile strength exceeding eight times that PEO/LiClO membrane. Li/Li symmetric batteries, demonstrates excellent interfacial stability over 1100 h 0.1 mA 2 . Additionally,... Read More

Source

Ceramic material for solid-state batteries with improved lithium ion conductivity, lower manufacturing energy requirements, and better moisture resistance compared to traditional ceramic electrolytes. The ceramic contains a lithium ion conductor like LLZO or LATP along with a lithium metal halide like lithium indium chloride. The halide allows preparing the ceramic at lower temperatures and pressures instead of sintering at high temps for hours. It also improves moisture tolerance as the halide absorbs water instead of the main conductor. The ceramic can be used as a solid-state electrolyte in batteries.

Source

Abstract Lithium argyrodite sulfide electrolytes show great potential in allsolidstate lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) due to their high ionic conductivity and ductile feature, among which Li 6 PS 5 I presents the most promising stability with metals but a low (10 6 S cm 1 ). It is because of absence 2 /I disorder thus forbidden + ion intercage migrations. Herein, particles iodinegradientdisordered interphase were designed that opened up proscribed jumps synergistically blocked interfacial electron leakage for ultrastable ASSLMBs. Density functional theory calculations 7 spinlattice relaxation NMR experiments prove activated even accelerated conduction reduced migration barrier. Electrostatic profiles also certify transitionshielding as origin parasiticreactionfree interface. Gathered evidence of, other characterizations demonstrated combination conductivities (cold press 5.7 mS ), (1.510 8 improved critical current density (1.65 mA 2 excellent (over 1,500 h) prominent cycling rate performance. This study provides insights on novel de... Read More

Source

Abstract Polymer in ceramic (PIC) electrolytes have garnered significant attention due to their advantages over individual inorganic and organic polymer electrolytes. However, the slow movement of Li + on chain segments hard contact among particles with irregular surface severely impede smooth transport lithium ions. The bipolar character Nmethyl2,2,2trifluoroacetamide (MFA) makes it significantly enriched surface, accordingly converting between into a soft mode, opening up ion multiple phases. structure fluorine substitution further disperses negative charge density carbonyl group from MFA accelerates ligand removal . Accordingly, interconnected PIC electrolyte (MPIC) exhibits an ionic conductivity 1.13 mS cm 1 transfer number 0.81 at 30 C, also delivering remarkable critical current 2.6 mA 2 corresponding full cell can achieve stable cycling high 1.2 even 20 still retains 94% its capacity after 100 cycles, overcoming temperature limitations. This work paves way for designing commercial viability by interphase regulation.

Source

The uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites and the unstable interface metal anode/electrolyte inhibit potential large-scale applications batteries. polymer artificial solid-electrolyte layer shows for homogeneity ion flux toward a electrode. Herein, we design an ionic conductive stretchable organogel as protective via in situ polymerization on active anode, which can accommodate volume changes maintain enhanced interfacial contact with propylene carbonate long alkyl ether contribute to inducing uniform Li deposition enhance transport. In addition, membrane adheres tightly effectively eliminate barriers transport at heterogeneous interfaces has strength tending suppress dendrites. As result, Li/Li symmetric cell this polymeric protect stably cycle over 800 h under 1 mA cm-2 without increased polarization voltage, while corresponding metal/LiFePO4 full battery delivers high-capacity retention 102.6, 127.7, 136.7% after 244, 862, 976 cycles 0.3, 1, 2 C. Furthermore, equipped also longer cycling life higher reversible specific capacity (130.24 mAh g-1) C rate performance than bare ba... Read More

Source