Hybrid Electrodes for Electric Vehicle Battery

Composite electrode material for supercapacitors that combines a carbon material like sulfonated graphene with a ternary metal oxide like NiFeAlO4 to improve electrode performance compared to using either material alone. The carbon material provides electrical conductivity and the metal oxide provides high capacitance, with the graphene sulfonation improving conductivity and preventing flake accumulation. The aluminum in the metal oxide stabilizes the system and the nickel/iron provide higher conductivity and capacitance response during cycling.

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Secondary battery with improved fast charging and cycle life for electric vehicles and electronics. The battery has a unique negative electrode structure with two layers on the current collector. The outer layer contains graphite and a silicon-carbon composite with a porous carbon matrix. The composite has silicon grains in the pores and carbon on the surface. The silicon grains have a specific shape to reduce electrolyte decomposition and cycle degradation. The inner graphite layer provides initial charge storage. The outer silicon layer concentrates charge capacity without affecting inner dynamics. The dual layer design improves quick charge capability by shortening ion diffusion paths.

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High-efficiency electrode material for supercapacitors with improved performance compared to conventional spinel nickel cobalt oxides. The material is a spinel nickel-cobalt oxide with a composition NixCo3-xO4, where x is between 0.5 and 1.75. This composition range allows tuning of the microstructure and electrochemical properties. The optimal composition, Ni15Co5O4, has a specific capacity of 311.45 F/g at 1 A/g and 81.9% capacity retention after 3000 cycles. The improved performance is attributed to a nanosheet spherical morphology with reduced grain size when the Ni and Co contents are balanced.

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All-solid-state lithium ion battery with improved cycle stability and performance using a novel silicon-carbon composite negative electrode, composite positive electrode, and solid electrolyte. The silicon-carbon composite anode has optimized three-dimensional interconnected structure with 0.5-1.5 μm silicon particles to prevent volume expansion and cracking during cycling. The composite positive electrode has lithium niobate coatings for space accommodation. The sulfide solid electrolyte enables effective contact with the interconnected anode.

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High entropy oxide supercapacitor electrode materials with ultra-high specific capacitance for energy storage applications. The materials are transition metal high-entropy oxides like La1-xSrx(Cr0.2Fe0.2Mn0.2Co0.2Ni0.2)O3 combined with nanometer Ag. The high entropy oxide structure provides enhanced bulk ion diffusion channels to overcome lattice distortion hindrance. Sr doping further increases ion diffusion. Nanometer Ag improves conductivity and contributes redox storage. The composite material has specific capacitance >1200 F/g, much higher than pure high entropy oxides.

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Silicon-based anode for solid-state batteries with improved cycle stability and rate performance. The anode consists of silicon, tin, and lithium mixed in specific proportions. It forms a flexible film with carbon nanotubes that disperses uniformly throughout. This prevents cracks and chalking during charging/discharging due to silicon's large volume expansion. The tin helps buffer volume change and provides conductivity. The lithium source converts to a solid-state electrolyte inside the film. The anode is prepared by grinding and mixing the components, then forming a film using vacuum filtration.

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Battery with improved cycle life for electric vehicles by using a specific structure in the negative electrode. The negative electrode contains a thin film of silicon particles and carbon on the current collector. The silicon particles form columnar bodies inside the film. The carbon is locally present at multiple positions within the columnar bodies. This structure improves cycle characteristics compared to coating just the surface of the silicon particles. The carbon inside the columnar bodies helps prevent exposure of bare silicon during cycling.

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Silicon-sulfur-polymer composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries that have improved conductivity, capacity, and cycle life stability. The composite anode contains silicon particles, elemental sulfur, and a polymer mixed together. This mixture is coated onto a copper current collector and heat treated. The composite anode provides better performance compared to pure silicon anodes due to the polymer binding the silicon and sulfur together, preventing fracturing during cycling. The polymer also provides conductivity paths.

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Preparing a high-performance iron, cobalt, and nickel (FeCoNi) electrode material for supercapacitors using a simple one-step hydrothermal method. The FeCoNi basic carbonate material has a nanoflower-like morphology with interwoven nanoneedles of Fe, Co, and Ni. This composite electrode material shows high specific capacitance and good cycle stability for supercapacitor applications.

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A hybrid energy storage material for wearable electronics that combines a capacitor-type anode with a battery-type cathode to balance energy density and output characteristics. The capacitor anode uses carbon fiber with a three-dimensional porous structure created by modifying the fiber surface with a fluorine-containing polyimide. The porous carbon structure increases surface area for higher capacitance. The battery cathode uses carbon fiber with a fluorine-containing polyimide coating and dispersed silicon nanoparticles for higher energy density. A semi-interpenetrating network polymer electrolyte completes the hybrid cell.

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Preparing a composite electrode material for supercapacitors using a MOF (metal-organic framework) and MXene (two-dimensional layered metal carbide or nitride) to improve the stability and conductivity compared to using either material alone. The MOF is grown in situ on MXene sheets using ligands that interact with MXene surface groups. The MOF provides stability and the MXene provides conductivity. The interaction between the ligands and MXene groups prevents agglomeration and disperses the MOF without surfactants.

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Porous negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycling life and high rate capability. The electrode has a porous structure containing a mixture of silicon and graphite anode materials. The surface of the anode particles is coated with a polymeric carbon layer containing phosphide. This improves the tight binding of the anode particles with the conductive agent and adhesive, facilitates electron conduction, and optimizes lithium ion diffusion. The coating conditions are chosen to balance electrode porosity and lithium diffusion resistance.

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Preparation of a cobalt-nickel-yttrium trimetallic hydroxide nanosheet for high-performance energy storage applications like supercapacitors and batteries. The method involves growing a diamond-based zeolite imidazole acid framework (ZIF-67) precursor on carbon cloth at room temperature. Nickel and yttrium are then added to the ZIF-67 precursor in a hydrothermal process to convert it into the cobalt-nickel-yttrium trimetallic hydroxide nanosheet. This nanosheet has high specific capacitance and good rate performance for energy storage due to the abundant redox sites and improved conductivity from the three metals compared to mono- or binary metal hydroxides.

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Solid-state hybrid energy storage device with improved performance for building energy storage applications. The device uses a structural electrode made of nickel-cobalt-aluminum modified graphene oxide (rGO) as the cathode. The device also has a cement-based solid electrolyte sandwiched between the structural electrodes. The modified rGO cathode provides high specific capacitance while the cement electrolyte balances mechanical strength and ionic conductivity. The solid-state structure enables both mechanical load and electrical energy storage in building applications.

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Silicon-carbon composite material for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries with improved cycle life. The composite has a carbon matrix with a pore structure that provides space for the silicon to expand without volume increase. The pore structure is formed by etching a carbon substrate. The silicon fills the pores during battery charge/discharge. By selecting composites with certain voltage-capacity differential values, it improves cycle performance.

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Cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries that addresses the issues of capacity fade, low rate capability, and low Coulombic efficiency associated with sulfur cathodes. The cathode material is a composite of carbon, composite particles, and elemental sulfur loaded on the carbon. The composite particles contain metal oxides like cobalt, tin, and titanium. The metal oxides improve sulfur utilization, suppress shuttle effect, and prevent pulverization during charge/discharge. The carbon provides conductivity. The metal oxides are added during synthesis.

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Electrode for lithium-ion batteries with improved charging capability and methods for manufacturing the electrode. The electrode has two layers, the first layer containing a silicon-carbon composite material with a porous carbon scaffold having micropores and mesopores. The second layer contains a second silicon-carbon composite material with a similar scaffold. This structure increases lithium ion kinetics in the second layer compared to the first layer due to the higher surface area of the second material. The layers are formed by applying dry silicon-carbon composite mixtures with binders via calendering onto a current collector.

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Transition metal oxide composite for energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors that provides higher energy storage capacity and stability compared to existing metal oxides like ruthenium oxide. The composite has a unique nanowall shape formed by hydrothermal treatment and calcination of a transition metal solution. The nanowall structure improves electrochemical performance and stability. The composite can be made by hydrothermally treating a metal solution, calcining it, and then immersing the resulting oxide in an electrode slurry to make a battery electrode.

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Preparation method of PEDOT/ZnO@nickel foam composite electrode material for high performance supercapacitors. The method involves electrodepositing ZnO nanoparticles onto nickel foam and then coating a PEDOT film on the ZnO-nickel foam composite. This fills the porous nickel foam structure, increasing surface area, while the PEDOT provides pseudocapacitance. The ZnO fills voids and the PEDOT enhances capacitance for a composite electrode with improved specific capacity compared to nickel foam alone.

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Preparing a flexible transparent supercapacitor material using a bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) composed of titanium carbide (Ti3C2) nanosheets and copper-containing MOF (Cu-MOF). The MOF is synthesized by using insoluble titanium precursor (Ti3C2 nanosheets) and soluble copper precursor (Cu(NO3)2) to convert into the MOF. This provides a controlled release of metal ions for MOF crystallization. The resulting TiCu-HHTP MOF is combined with a conductive polymer (polypyrrole, PPy) to form a flexible transparent electrode for supercapacitors. The TiCu-HHTP/PPy composite enables high capacitance, flexibility, and transparency for potential applications

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