Self-Healing Electrolytes for Enhanced EV Battery Durability

Rechargeable lithium-ion battery that can operate and be charged at extreme temperatures from -30°C to 150°C. The battery uses a specific composition of electrolyte, anode, and cathode materials. The electrolyte contains an ionic liquid, organic compound, and lithium salt. The anode uses lithium titanate (LTO) instead of graphite. The cathode and anode have binders. The ionic liquid electrolyte and LTO anode provide high temperature stability. The organic compound in the electrolyte helps low temperature stability. The binders enhance adhesion and stability.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte with enhanced fast charging and storage performance. The electrolyte combines a high-performance organic solvent with a specific concentration of unsaturated inorganic additives, specifically dimethyl carbonate and cyclic carbonate. The dimethyl carbonate content is optimized between 45% and 55%, while the cyclic carbonate content is maintained at 8% to 24%. This composition balances the electrolyte's wettability, thermal stability, and fast charging capabilities, enabling improved battery performance while maintaining reliability.

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Electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries that maintains high voltage stability and capacity retention at elevated voltages. The electrolyte comprises a fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate and a fluorine-containing linear asymmetric carbonate in a volume ratio of 1:9 to 8:2. This composition enables enhanced performance at higher charge voltages without compromising electrolyte stability and capacity.

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Electrolyte for lithium secondary batteries that enhances high-voltage stability and lifespan through a novel composition of fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate and linear asymmetric carbonate. The electrolyte achieves superior performance by incorporating a specific volume ratio of these components, which form a robust SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) layer on lithium metal electrodes. This SEI layer protects the electrodes from electrolyte decomposition and maintains high-voltage stability during repeated charge-discharge cycles.

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Electrolyte solution for flexible batteries that enables high discharge capacity and cycling stability at extreme temperatures. The electrolyte contains specific organic solvents like propyl propionate and ethyl propionate, a lithium salt at a concentration of 0.6 to 1.6 M, and additives like vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and ethylene sulfate. This electrolyte composition improves discharge performance even at low and high temperatures when used in flexible batteries.

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Non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries that enhances thermal stability and maintains excellent cycle performance. The electrolyte contains a specific combination of trifluoroacetate and pivalate, with a controlled ratio of 0.5-0.5% trifluoroacetate to total electrolyte mass. This formulation balances the electrolyte's thermal stability and separator permeability, enabling reliable operation at high temperatures while maintaining high cycle life. The electrolyte is formulated in a solvent containing ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and γ-butyrolactone, with the trifluoroacetate and pivalate components precisely controlled to achieve optimal performance.

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Electrolyte additive for lithium-ion batteries that enhances high-temperature and high-voltage stability. The additive combines a multifunctional structure that provides both film-forming properties and chemical stability at elevated temperatures. The additive enables the battery to maintain its performance characteristics over a wide operating range, particularly at temperatures above 55°C.

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Electrolyte solution for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycle life and resistance characteristics. The solution contains a specific combination of imidazolium cation, bis(oxalato)borate anion, and hexafluorophosphate anion. The imidazolium cation enhances electrolyte conductivity, while the bis(oxalato)borate anion provides excellent resistance management. The hexafluorophosphate anion further improves electrolyte stability and prevents overcharge-related degradation. The solution achieves these benefits through its unique composition of imidazolium cation, bis(oxalato)borate anion, and hexafluorophosphate anion.

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Sodium-ion battery electrolyte that improves high-temperature performance while maintaining low-temperature and rate characteristics. The electrolyte contains a specific composition of silicon fluorosulfonate, sodium selenocyanate, sodium salt, and functional additives, with optimized concentrations of these components. This composition enables enhanced thermal stability at high temperatures while maintaining the characteristic performance of the battery at lower temperatures.

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A lithium-ion battery electrolyte with improved performance characteristics beyond conventional lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) binary or ternary mixed solvent systems. The electrolyte contains a weight percentage of an additive within 0.01%-5% of the solvent, enabling enhanced rate discharge capabilities, improved cycle life, and better low-temperature performance.

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Electrode for lithium-ion batteries with enhanced charging characteristics. The electrode comprises a collector and a mixture layer containing an ionic liquid and a lithium salt, where the lithium salt is a lithium salt of an imide-based lithium salt and a lithium salt of a different type. This composition enables the electrolyte layer to form a protective coating on the electrode surface, preventing cation insertion during high-current charging.

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Electrolyte composition for lithium-ion batteries that enables higher voltage operation and improved cycle life compared to conventional carbonate electrolytes. The electrolyte contains a fluorinated organic compound with high fluorine content (33 wt% or more) that forms a dense fluorine-rich SEI (solid electrolyte interface) film on the electrode surface. This improves mechanical strength and oxidation resistance of the interface compared to carbonate-based electrolytes. The electrolyte may also contain a boron-lithium salt additive and a second fluorinated compound for further oxidation resistance.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte for enhanced safety and performance. The electrolyte combines lithium salt, a conventional lithium salt, with monofluoromethyl ethylene carbonate (CH2F-EC) and difluoromethyl ethylene carbonate (CHF2-EC) flame retardants. The flame retardant concentration is optimized at 0.2% of the electrolyte mass, significantly improving fire safety compared to conventional flame retardants. The electrolyte maintains its lithium salt concentration of 0.8-1.2 mol/L while incorporating these flame retardants. This formulation enables enhanced safety performance in lithium-ion batteries while maintaining their traditional lithium salt properties.

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A lithium-ion battery electrolyte for deep-sea applications that maintains high safety performance across extreme pressure conditions. The electrolyte comprises a fluorinated solvent with a freezing point of more than 25°C, a lithium salt with a mass fraction of 10-20%, and a functional additive that forms a dense, elastic solid-state interface between the electrodes. This interface provides enhanced mechanical stability and prevents electrolyte degradation from mechanical stress. The electrolyte maintains its electrical conductivity and maintains a high level of safety even at extreme pressure conditions, making it suitable for deep-sea applications where conventional lithium-ion batteries would fail.

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Lithium-ion battery electrolyte containing a cyano group-containing fatty amine compound improves battery performance and lifespan by eliminating water content and reducing transition metal dissolution. The electrolyte contains the amine compound, which selectively removes moisture and hydrofluoric acid while preventing lithium metal dissolution, thereby enhancing electrochemical stability and capacity retention.

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Electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries that improves long-term cycle performance of Si anodes in carbonate-based solutions. The electrolyte contains lithium salt, organic solvent, and a specific ionic liquid that enhances solid electrolyte membrane stability through coordinated lithium ion coordination. This ionic liquid selectively influences the coordination number of lithium ions in the electrolyte, thereby modifying the SEI film formation mechanism on the Si anode surface. The resulting electrolyte maintains high SEI stability during charge/discharge cycles while maintaining excellent lithium ion conductivity, enabling improved cycle life and capacity retention.

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High-voltage, high-safety polyimide gel polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries, prepared through a novel approach involving the use of polyamic acid solutions as the electrolyte matrix. This approach eliminates the traditional polymer-based electrolyte by directly incorporating the polymer matrix into the electrolyte solution, resulting in a safer, more efficient electrolyte system. The electrolyte maintains high voltage stability and thermal stability while reducing the risk of thermal runaway compared to conventional liquid electrolytes. The electrolyte is prepared through a simple solution process that enables the incorporation of the polymer matrix, making it suitable for high-voltage applications.

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All-fluorine-based carbonate electrolyte for improving the durability of lithium metal anodes in lithium-ion batteries. The electrolyte contains a specific composition of fluorine-containing carbonate solvents like ethylene fluorohydrate (FEC) and difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC). The all-fluorine-based carbonate electrolyte provides stability on the surface of lithium metal anodes and improves the lifespan and storage characteristics of lithium metal batteries compared to traditional ether-based electrolytes.

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Electrochemical elements comprising a lithium-based anode with improved cyclability through enhanced lithium alloy anode materials. The elements feature lithium-based anodes that can operate at elevated temperatures up to 85°C, enabling up to 25 cycles at 100% depth of discharge without capacity loss. The anode materials incorporate lithium salts with additives like lithium hexafluorophosphate and lithium difluorophosphate, which control electrolyte behavior and passivation. The anode materials also feature metallic lithium or lithium alloys. The elements incorporate an electrolyte composition with a solvent comprising hexafluoromethoxypropane and/or hexafluoro(fluoromethoxy)propane, and a lithium salt with lithium difluorophosphate. The electrolyte composition can also include additives like ethylene monofluorocarbonate and trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate. The anode materials enable power cell operation at high temperatures while maintaining capacity stability during cycling.

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Electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries with improved cycle life and performance characteristics. The electrolyte contains a lithium salt and organic solvent with a specific mass ratio, where the lithium salt accounts for 40-80% of the total electrolyte mass. This composition enables optimal lithium ion transport while maintaining sufficient solvent viscosity and conductivity. The electrolyte formulation is optimized for silicon-based anode materials, particularly for negative electrodes, and is compatible with various lithium salts. The formulation achieves superior SEI film stability and lithium ion transport properties, enabling enhanced battery performance and cycle life compared to conventional electrolyte formulations.

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