Innovations in Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries for EVs

Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved rate performance and cycle life. The LFP has a lattice distortion of 0.058-0.08% to reduce lithium ion transfer resistance. The LFP can be prepared by co-doping elements like Na, K, Mg, Ti, V, W, Nb, La, Cr, Mo, Ca, Zn into the Fe and Li sites. The co-doping expands the lattice, increases diffusion coefficients, and suppresses crystal growth. The co-doped LFP has specific surface areas of 7-13 m2/g, median particle sizes of 0.5-2.5 µm, and carbon content of 0-5 wt%. The co-doping and particle size optimizations improve LFP electrochemical properties like

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Coating a low-temperature rate type lithium iron phosphate cathode material with a thin film of yttrium titanium oxide (YTO) to improve low-temperature and rate performance. The coating process involves sol-gel synthesis of a mixed metal hydroxide precursor, followed by high-temperature sintering in air to form a uniform YTO film on the lithium iron phosphate surface. This coating reduces the lithium diffusion barrier and accelerates lithium ion transport, significantly improving low-temperature and rate characteristics compared to uncoated lithium iron phosphate.

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A battery positive electrode material with improved energy density for lithium-ion batteries. The material comprises lithium ferromanganese phosphate as the main active material, along with other lithium-containing phosphates and oxides. The specific composition is: 800g lithium ferromanganese phosphate, 200g lithium nickel cobalt manganate, and 200g lithium cobalt oxide. The lithium ferromanganese phosphate has a median particle size of 15 µm, the nickel-cobalt-manganese phosphate has a median size of 3.2 µm, and the cobalt oxide has a median size of 3.2 µm. The smaller particle sizes of the secondary phosphates

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Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved properties like higher capacity, rate performance, and reduced moisture absorption compared to conventional LFP. The improvements come from synthesis methods using precursors like vanadium phosphate and iron phosphate with specific molar ratios, dopant levels, and particle pore structures. The synthesis reduces emissions and eliminates ammonia compared to conventional LFP production. This leads to LFP powders with optimized physical properties like smaller pore sizes and lower moisture absorption, which translate to better battery performance.

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Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved ionic conductivity and higher energy density compared to undoped LiFePO4. The cathode material has a granularity of D50 greater than or equal to 1 um. The improved ionic conductivity is achieved by adding secondary phosphate phases (LiMxPyp) near the surface of the core LiFePO4 phase. The secondary phase dopants contain transition metals or main group elements like Mn, Co, Gd, In, V, Zr, etc. The doped LiFePO4 cathode material has higher ionic conductivity and can be prepared using a precipitation process to control particle size. This allows higher loadings and bulk density compared to nanoscale LiFePO4.

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Cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved energy density compared to existing cathodes like LiFePO4. The material is a partially ordered or disordered lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) with manganese-iron ratio 3:7 to 9:1. It has a similar olivine structure to LiFePO4 but with mixed Mn and Fe instead of just Fe. This composition balances the stability and performance of LiFePO4 and LiMnPO4. The partially ordered/disordered sublattice reduces phase separation and improves ionic conductivity. The LMFP material provides higher voltage and capacity than LiFePO4 but lower than LiMnPO4.

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Doped lithium iron phosphate (LiMxMnyFe1-yPO4) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries with improved ionic conductivity and rate performance. The dopants, which can be transition metals or main group elements, are combined with lithium iron manganese phosphate (LiMnyFe1-yPO4) without dopants. This modification increases ionic conductivity compared to undoped LiMnyFe1-yPO4. The dopants modify the ion channels and also enhance electronic conductivity at the carbon coating-matrix interface. The doped LiMxMnyFe1-yPO4 compounds have higher ionic conductivity than LiMnyFe1-yPO4.

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High energy density fast charging lithium iron phosphate battery with improved capacity and cycle life compared to conventional lithium iron phosphate batteries. The battery has a composite lithium iron phosphate positive electrode with lithium supplementary materials, and a negative electrode with fast charging graphite and silicon. The compositions and particle sizes of the positive and negative electrodes are optimized to increase capacity, reduce density, and improve fast charging. This allows the battery to have energy density of 200-220 Wh/kg, similar to ternary batteries, while meeting the needs of passenger vehicle fast charging and cycle life.

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Doped lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries that improves performance compared to regular LFP. The doping involves replacing some of the iron ions in the LFP crystal structure with other elements like nickel, manganese, and magnesium. This creates new bonds like Ni-O and Mn-O that enhance lithium ion diffusion, capacity, and voltage. The doping levels are adjusted to optimize the synergistic effects. The doped LFP is prepared by a liquid-phase method involving mixing precursor salts.

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Lithium iron manganese phosphate (LiFeMnPO4) as a high-capacity cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. The LiFeMnPO4 is prepared by a synthesis method involving mixing LiH2PO4, FePO4, Mn3(PO4)2, and dopants like Ti, Mg, and V, reacting in water, and autoclaving. The resulting LiFeMnPO4 has improved energy density and rate performance compared to plain LiFePO4 due to the manganese substitution. The synthesis method uses a specific solvent and conditions to obtain a unique cube-shaped structure with an intercalated NASICON phase. Carbon coating further enhances the cycling stability.

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Preparing high density lithium iron phosphate (LFP) with improved cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries. The LFP is prepared by mixing iron phosphate, lithium phosphate, and a carbon source in certain weight ratios. The mixed precursor is then heated to form the LFP. The optimized weight ratios result in a dense LFP with higher compaction density compared to conventional LFP. The denser LFP has better cycling stability and capacity retention compared to conventional LFP. The density of the LFP prepared by this method can be around 2.65 g/cm3, which is higher than the conventional LFP density of around 2.55 g/cm3.

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Flaky lithium iron phosphate (LFP) with improved properties for batteries, and a method to synthesize it. The flaky LFP has a composition of LiFe0.3Mn0.7P04. The synthesis involves dissolving iron, manganese, and phosphorus sources in a low temperature solution, adding lithium source, adjusting pH, and hydrothermally reacting at low temperature to produce flaky LFP. The key features are using a specific ratio of iron to phosphorus, low temperature synthesis, and adjusting pH. This results in flaky LFP instead of the usual lumpy or spherical shape. The flaky LFP has higher lithium content, lower impurity content, and better cycling performance compared to conventional LFP.

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Lithium iron phosphate battery with improved low temperature and high rate performance for applications like vehicle starting. The battery uses a modified electrode composition and assembly method to enhance performance. It involves adding small amounts of silicon and graphite blended with oxide coating to the negative electrode, carbon coating on the positive electrode, and a porous ceramic diaphragm. This composition and assembly improves low temperature and rate performance compared to conventional lithium iron phosphate batteries.

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Preparation method for high conductivity and high density lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. The method involves doping the iron phosphate precursor with titanium oxide during synthesis. This doping step improves the LiFePO4's electrical conductivity and compaction density. The doped iron phosphate precursor is then roasted and crushed to form the final LiFePO4 cathode material.

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High energy density lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery with improved cell design and manufacturing method to increase cell and pack energy density beyond 180Wh/kg. The cell design uses optimized electrode coatings with specific areal densities and compaction densities. The manufacturing method involves compressing the electrode coatings to higher densities, reducing electrolyte volume, and using thinner separators with ceramic coatings. These modifications allow higher energy density LFP cells and packs without sacrificing safety.

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Lithium secondary battery with improved power characteristics by using a specific combination of positive and negative electrode materials. The battery has a positive electrode with lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and layered lithium nickel manganese oxide (NMC) as the active material. The negative electrode has a negative electrode active material with a potential difference of 3.10V or more from LFP at 50% state of charge. This configuration allows higher power output in the discharge end region compared to traditional LFP-only batteries.

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Positive electrode for lithium secondary batteries that improves initial coulombic efficiency while maintaining safety compared to traditional lithium-ion batteries. The positive electrode contains a composite active material made of lithium manganese iron phosphate (LiMnFePO4) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNixMnyCozO2). The composite active material improves initial coulombic efficiency while keeping safety higher than using just one type of material. The composite active material is synthesized by mixing the precursors of LiMnFePO4 and LiNixMnyCozO2 and firing.

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High performance lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery material with improved properties like capacity, rate capability, cycle life, and self-discharge rate compared to conventional LFP materials. The new LFP material composition is Lithium dihydrogen phosphate (LiHP) to Iron oxide (Fe2O3) mole ratio of 2:1. The synthesis involves mixing LiHP, Fe2O3, and carbon in water, ball milling, and calcination. This LFP material shows lower self-discharge, higher capacity, better rate performance, and better cycling stability compared to standard LFP.

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Lithium secondary battery positive electrode with improved initial coulombic efficiency and safety for high energy density applications like electric vehicles. The electrode composition is a mixture of lithium iron manganese phosphate (LiMnxFe(1-x)PO4) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt composite oxide (LiNixMnyCozO2) in specific ratios. The lithium iron manganese phosphate has less than 100% manganese and less than 100% iron, and the lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide has less than 67% cobalt. This composition provides higher initial coulombic efficiency compared to using just one of the materials alone.

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Non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with improved cycle life and high-rate discharge characteristics using olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as the positive electrode active material. The battery has a positive electrode with two layers of LFP particles, one layer of nano-sized particles and one layer of micro-sized particles. The micro-sized particle layer improves adhesion and cycle life, while the nano-sized particle layer enhances rate performance.

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